What does the term "dead reckoning" refer to in navigation?

The term "dead reckoning" in navigation refers to the process of determining one's current position based on a previously determined position, taking into account speed, time, and course. This method involves calculating how far the vessel has traveled and in which direction since the last known position, allowing navigators to estimate where they are at any given moment.

The accuracy of dead reckoning can be influenced by factors such as wind, currents, and other external conditions, making it essential for navigators to adjust their calculations as needed. This technique has been used for centuries and remains a fundamental skill for sailors, especially in situations where other navigation methods like GPS may not be available or reliable.

Other navigation methods, such as using landmarks, GPS routes, or current wind direction, do not align with the specific principles of dead reckoning, which is why they do not apply to this question as accurately.